how to measure sleep duration: test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes¶

This is part 2 of a program that calculates the difference between a given wake and sleep time.

I want to test the duration function with timestamps where both hours and minutes are random.

RED: make it fail¶

I change the name of test_duration_w_hours

def test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes(self):
    sleep_time = random_timestamp()
    wake_time = random_timestamp()

then add a variable for the difference between the hours

difference_hours = (
    int(wake_time.split(':')[0])
  - int(sleep_time.split(':')[0])
)

self.assertEqual(
    src.sleep_duration.duration(
        wake_time=wake_time,
        sleep_time=sleep_time
    ),
    difference_hours
)

and change the expectation to a timestamp format

self.assertEqual(
    src.sleep_duration.duration(
        wake_time=wake_time,
        sleep_time=sleep_time
    ),
    f'{difference_hours:02}:00'
)

the terminal shows AssertionError

AssertionError: -3 != '-3:00'
AssertionError: 0 != '00:00'
AssertionError: 8 != '08:00'
AssertionError: 16 != '16:00'

the duration function returns a number and the test expects a string. I change it to match the expectation

def duration(wake_time=None, sleep_time=None):
    difference_hours = (
        get_hour(wake_time)
      - get_hour(sleep_time)
    )

    return f'{difference_hours:02}:00'

then make a copy of difference_hours in the test, change the name, and change 0 to 1 on each line to get the difference between the minutes of wake_time and sleep_time

def test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes(self):
    sleep_time = random_timestamp()
    wake_time = random_timestamp()

    difference_hours = (
        int(wake_time.split(':')[0])
      - int(sleep_time.split(':')[0])
    )
    difference_minutes = (
        int(wake_time.split(':')[1])
      - int(sleep_time.split(':')[1])
    )

I also add difference_minutes to the expectation

self.assertEqual(
    src.sleep_duration.duration(
        wake_time=wake_time,
        sleep_time=sleep_time
    ),
    (
        f'{difference_hours:02}:'
        f'{difference_minutes:02}'
    )
)

and change the random_timestamp function to have random numbers from 0 up to and including 59 for the minutes
```
def random_timestamp():
    return (
        f'{random.randint(0,23):02}:'
        f'{random.randint(0,59):02}'
    )
```
I get random success when random_timestamp returns 00 for the minutes and AssertionError when it does not
```
AssertionError: '-18:00' != '-18:44'
AssertionError: '05:00' != '05:-16'
AssertionError: '-2:00' != '-2:-26'
AssertionError: '16:00' != '16:-25'
```
the duration function returns 00 for the minutes part of the duration, and the test expects the difference between the minutes of wake_time and sleep_time

GREEN: make it pass¶

I make a copy of difference_hours in duration, change the name, then add it to the return statement

def duration(wake_time=None, sleep_time=None):
    difference_hours = (
        get_hour(wake_time)
      - get_hour(sleep_time)
    )
    difference_minutes = (
        get_hour(wake_time)
      - get_hour(sleep_time)
    )

    return (
        f'{difference_hours:02}:'
        f'{difference_minutes:02}'
    )

the terminal shows AssertionError

AssertionError: '20:20' != '20:-6'
AssertionError: '06:06' != '06:17'
AssertionError: '-16:-16' != '-16:-7'
AssertionError: '02:02' != '02:07'

the function returns the same numbers for hours and minutes because difference_hours and difference_minutes are the same. I make a copy of the get_hour function, call it get_minutes and change the index to get the second item from the timestamp split

def get_minutes(timestamp):
    return int(timestamp.split(':')[1])

then change the calls in difference_minutes

difference_minutes = (
    get_minutes(wake_time)
  - get_minutes(sleep_time)
)

the test passes! There is something wrong with this calculation…

REFACTOR: make it better¶

test_duration_calculation¶

The duration function returns a subtraction of hours and a subtraction of minutes which does not give the right difference between the timestamps

RED: make it fail¶

If duration is given a wake_time of '03:30' and a sleep_time of '02:59', it should return '00:31' as the difference between the timestamps

def test_duration_calculation(self):
    self.assertEqual(
        src.sleep_duration.duration(
            wake_time='03:30',
            sleep_time='02:59'
        ),
        '00:31'
    )

def test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes(self):
...

the terminal shows AssertionError when I add test_duration_calculation

AssertionError: '01:-29' != '00:31'

duration returns '01:-29' which is not a real duration, the calculation has to change

GREEN: make it pass¶

I add a return statement to the duration function where I multiply difference_hours by 60 then add it to difference_minutes to get the total difference in minutes
```
return (
    difference_hours*60
  + difference_minutes
)

return (
    f'{difference_hours:02}:'
    f'{difference_minutes:02}'
)
```
the terminal shows AssertionError for test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes
```
AssertionError: -458 != '-7:-38'
AssertionError: -936 != '-15:-36'
AssertionError: -31 != '-1:29'
AssertionError: 213 != '03:33'
```
duration returns the difference as a number and the test still expects a string. I add the unittest.skip decorator to skip it
```
@unittest.skip
def test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes(self):
...
```
the terminal shows AssertionError for test_duration_calculation
```
AssertionError: 31 != '00:31'
```
the function returns the right number of minutes for the difference. I need a way to change it to hours and minutes to match the expectations of the tests. I add the unittest.skip decorator to skip it while I test the solution
```
@unittest.skip
def test_duration_calculation(self):
...
```
If I divide the total number of minutes by 60, the whole number from the result is the hours and the remainder is the minutes

test_floor_aka_integer_division¶

The // operator returns a whole number which is how many times the bottom number can be multiplied to get a whole number that is equal to or as close to the top number as possible. It should give me the hours when I divide by 60

I add a failing test for it

def test_floor_aka_integer_division(self):
    self.assertEqual(120//60, 0)

@unittest.skip
def test_duration_calculation(self):
...

the terminal shows AssertionError

AssertionError: 2 != 0

the result of 120 divided by 60 is 2 with a remainder of 0. I change the expectation to the right value.

self.assertEqual(120//60, 2)

and it passes

I add another assertion
```
self.assertEqual(150//60, 0)
```
the terminal shows AssertionError
```
AssertionError: 2 != 0
```
the result of 150 divided by 60 is also 2 but with a remainder of 30. I change the expectation to the right value
```
self.assertEqual(150//60, 2)
```
the test passes

test_the_modulo_operation¶

The % operator returns the remainder when a number is divided by another, it should give me the minutes when I divide by 60

I add a failing test for it

def test_the_modulo_operation(self):
    self.assertEqual(120%60, 2)

@unittest.skip
def test_duration_calculation(self):
...

the terminal shows AssertionError

AssertionError: 0 != 2

the remainder when 120 is divided by 60 is 0. I change the expectation to the right value

self.assertEqual(120%60, 0)

the test passes

I add another assertion
```
self.assertEqual(150%60, 0)
```
the terminal shows AssertionError
```
AssertionError: 30 != 0
```
the remainder when 150 is divided by 60 is 30. I change the expected value in the test to the right value
```
self.assertEqual(150%60, 30)
```
the terminal shows green again

I comment out the unittest.skip decorator for test_duration_calculation to get back the AssertionError
```
# @unittest.skip
def test_duration_calculation(self):
```

and change the first return statement in the duration function to a variable for the total difference in minutes

difference = (
    difference_hours*60
  + difference_minutes
)

return (
    f'{difference_hours:02}:'
    f'{difference_minutes:02}'
)

then add a variable for the hours of the duration using floor (integer) division

difference = (
    difference_hours*60
  + difference_minutes
)
duration_hours = difference // 60

and a variable for the minutes of the duration using the modulo operator

duration_hours = difference // 60
duration_minutes = difference % 60

then change difference_hours and difference_minutes in the return statement

return (
    f'{duration_hours:02}:'
    f'{duration_minutes:02}'
)

the test passes

I remove the unittest.skip decorator from test_duration_calculation

and comment it out for test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes

# @unittest.skip
def test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes(self):
...

the terminal shows random successes and random AssertionError

AssertionError: '-11:46' != '-10:-14'
AssertionError: '-6:04' != '-5:-56'
AssertionError: '10:50' != '11:-10'
AssertionError: '16:50' != '17:-10'

the calculation in the test is still not right. I change it to match the duration function

difference = (
    difference_hours*60
  + difference_minutes
)
duration_hours = difference // 60
duration_minutes = difference % 60

then change the variables in the expectation

self.assertEqual(
    src.sleep_duration.duration(
        wake_time=wake_time,
        sleep_time=sleep_time
    ),
    (
        f'{duration_hours:02}:'
        f'{duration_minutes:02}'
    )
)

the test passes with no more random failures

I take out the unittest.skip decorator from test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes
and remove test_duration_calculation because it is covered by test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes which has the right calculation

then add a function in sleep_duration.py to change get_hour and get_minutes

def read_timestamp(timestamp=None, index=0):
    return int(timestamp.split(':')[index])

def duration(wake_time=None, sleep_time=None):
...

call it in duration

def duration(wake_time=None, sleep_time=None):
    difference_hours = (
        read_timestamp(wake_time)
      - read_timestamp(sleep_time)
    )
    difference_minutes = (
        read_timestamp(wake_time, 1)
      - read_timestamp(sleep_time, 1)
    )
...

and remove get_hour and get_minutes. The terminal shows all tests are still passing!

review¶

The challenge is to write a program that calculates the difference between a given wake and sleep time. I ran the following tests to get something that comes close to doing it

test_string_splitting
test_converting_strings_to_numbers
test_floor_aka_integer_division
test_the_modulo_operation
test_duration_w_hours
test_duration_w_hours_and_minutes where I
- used random.randint to generate random numbers
  - from the 24 hours in a day
  - and the 60 minutes in an hour
- then how to pass values them in the timestamp strings that are given to the function
- and test_duration_calculation to make sure that the duration function returns the right difference between wake_time and sleep_time
- and changes it to a timestamp format
  - by using floor (integer) division to get the hours
  - and the modulo operation to get the minutes

Would you like to test duration with an earlier wake than sleep time?

how to measure sleep duration: tests and solution