booleans 2: test with bool

I used bool the way I used the assertFalse method in test_what_is_false and the assertTrue method in test_what_is_true while I was refactoring if statements in Truth Table: Binary Operations 1.

I want to practice using bool in test_what_is_true and test_what_is_false.

preview

Here are the tests I have at the end of this chapter

 1import unittest
 2
 3
 4class TestBooleans(unittest.TestCase):
 5
 6    def test_what_is_false(self):
 7        self.assertIsInstance(False, (bool, int))
 8        self.assertNotIsInstance(False, float)
 9
10        for false_item in (
11            False,
12            None, bool(None),
13            0, 0.0, bool(0), bool(0.0),
14            str(), bool(str()),
15            tuple(), bool(tuple()),
16            list(), bool(list()),
17            set(), bool(set()),
18            dict(), bool(dict()),
19        ):
20            with self.subTest(item=false_item):
21                self.assertFalse(false_item)
22
23    def test_what_is_true(self):
24        self.assertIsInstance(True, (bool, int))
25        self.assertNotIsInstance(True, float)
26
27        for true_item in (
28            True,
29            -1, bool(-1), 1, bool(1),
30            -0.1, bool(-0.1), 0.1, bool(0.1),
31            "text", bool("text"),
32            ((1, 2, 3, 'n')), bool((1, 2, 3, 'n')),
33            [1, 2, 3, 'n'], bool([1, 2, 3, 'n']),
34            {1, 2, 3, 'n'}, bool({1, 2, 3, 'n'}),
35            {'key': 'value'}, bool({'key': 'value'}),
36        ):
37            with self.subTest(item=true_item):
38                self.assertTrue(true_item)
39
40    def test_the_value_of_false(self):
41        self.assertEqual(False+1, 1)
42        self.assertEqual(False-1, -1)
43        self.assertEqual(False*1, 0)
44        with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):
45            1 / False
46
47    def test_the_value_of_true(self):
48        self.assertEqual(True+1, 2)
49        self.assertEqual(True-1, 0)
50        self.assertEqual(True*1, 1)
51        self.assertEqual(True/1, 1)
52
53
54# NOTES
55# a dictionary with things is True
56# a set with things is True
57# a list with things is True
58# a tuple with things is True
59# a string with things is True
60# positive and negative numbers are True
61# True is True
62# True is not false
63# True is a boolean
64# True is an integer
65# True is not a float
66# True is 1
67# the empty dictionary is False
68# the empty set is False
69# the empty list is False
70# the empty tuple is False
71# the empty string is False
72# 0 is False
73# None is False
74# False is False
75# False is not true
76# False is a boolean
77# False is an integer
78# False is not a float
79# False is 0
80
81
82# Exceptions seen
83# AssertionError

open the project

  • I change directory to the booleans folder

    cd booleans

    the terminal shows I am in the booleans folder

    .../pumping_python/booleans

  • I use pytest-watcher to run the tests

    uv run pytest-watcher . --now

    the terminal shows

    rootdir: .../pumping_python/booleans
configfile: pyproject.toml
collected 2 items

tests/test_booleans.py ..                                     [100%]

======================== 2 passed in X.YZs =========================

  • I hold ctrl on the keyboard, then click on tests/test_booleans.py to open it in the editor

bool at work

RED: make it fail

I add a new assertion to the test_what_is_false method

 6    def test_what_is_false(self):
 7        self.assertIsInstance(False, bool)
 8        self.assertFalse(False)
 9        self.assertFalse(None)
10        self.assertTrue(bool(None))
11        self.assertFalse(0)

the terminal shows AssertionError

AssertionError: False is not true

the result of bool(None) is False

GREEN: make it pass

I change assertTrue to assertFalse

10        self.assertFalse(bool(None))

the test passes

REFACTOR: make it better

  • I add another assertion with bool

     6    def test_what_is_false(self):
 7        self.assertIsInstance(False, bool)
 8        self.assertFalse(False)
 9        self.assertFalse(None)
10        self.assertFalse(bool(None))
11        self.assertFalse(0)
12        self.assertTrue(bool(0))
13        self.assertFalse(0.0)

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: False is not true

  • I change the assertion

    12        self.assertFalse(bool(0))

    the test passes

  • I add an assert method

     6    def test_what_is_false(self):
 7        self.assertIsInstance(False, bool)
 8        self.assertFalse(False)
 9        self.assertFalse(None)
10        self.assertFalse(bool(None))
11        self.assertFalse(0)
12        self.assertFalse(bool(0))
13        self.assertFalse(0.0)
14        self.assertTrue(bool(0.0))
15        self.assertFalse(str())

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: False is not true

  • I change the assertion

    14        self.assertFalse(bool(0.0))

    the test passes

  • I add an assertion

    15        self.assertFalse(str())
16        self.assertTrue(bool(str()))
17        self.assertFalse(tuple())
18        self.assertFalse(list())
19        self.assertFalse(set())
20        self.assertFalse(dict())
21
22    def test_what_is_true(self):

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: False is not true

  • I change assertTrue to assertFalse

    16        self.assertFalse(bool(str()))

    the test passes

  • I add another assertion

    15        self.assertFalse(str())
16        self.assertFalse(bool(str()))
17        self.assertFalse(tuple())
18        self.assertTrue(bool(tuple()))
19        self.assertFalse(list())
20        self.assertFalse(set())
21        self.assertFalse(dict())
22
23    def test_what_is_true(self):

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: False is not true

  • I change the assertion

    18        self.assertFalse(bool(tuple()))

    the test passes

  • I add another line

    15        self.assertFalse(str())
16        self.assertFalse(bool(str()))
17        self.assertFalse(tuple())
18        self.assertFalse(bool(tuple()))
19        self.assertFalse(list())
20        self.assertTrue(bool(list()))
21        self.assertFalse(set())
22        self.assertFalse(dict())
23
24    def test_what_is_true(self):

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: False is not true

  • I make the assertion True

    20    self.assertFalse(bool(list()))

    the test passes

  • I add another line

    19        self.assertFalse(list())
20        self.assertFalse(bool(list()))
21        self.assertFalse(set())
22        self.assertTrue(bool(set()))
23        self.assertFalse(dict())
24
25    def test_what_is_true(self):

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: False is not true

  • I change assertTrue to assertFalse

    22        self.assertFalse(bool(set()))

    the test passes

  • One more

    19        self.assertFalse(list())
20        self.assertFalse(bool(list()))
21        self.assertFalse(set())
22        self.assertFalse(bool(set()))
23        self.assertFalse(dict())
24        self.assertTrue(bool(dict()))
25
26    def test_what_is_true(self):

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: False is not true

  • I change the assertion

     6    def test_what_is_false(self):
 7        self.assertIsInstance(False, bool)
 8        self.assertFalse(False)
 9        self.assertFalse(None)
10        self.assertFalse(bool(None))
11        self.assertFalse(0)
12        self.assertFalse(bool(0))
13        self.assertFalse(0.0)
14        self.assertFalse(bool(0.0))
15        self.assertFalse(str())
16        self.assertFalse(bool(str()))
17        self.assertFalse(tuple())
18        self.assertFalse(bool(tuple()))
19        self.assertFalse(list())
20        self.assertFalse(bool(list()))
21        self.assertFalse(set())
22        self.assertFalse(bool(set()))
23        self.assertFalse(dict())
24        self.assertFalse(bool(dict()))
25
26    def test_what_is_true(self):

    the test passes

more bool at work

Oh No! More of the same thing

RED: make it fail

I add an assertion with bool to test_what_is_true

26    def test_what_is_true(self):
27        self.assertIsInstance(True, bool)
28        self.assertTrue(True)
29        self.assertTrue(-1)
30        self.assertFalse(bool(-1))
31        self.assertTrue(1)
32        self.assertTrue(-0.1)
33        self.assertTrue(0.1)
34        self.assertTrue("text")
35        self.assertTrue((1, 2, 3, 'n'))
36        self.assertTrue([1, 2, 3, 'n'])
37        self.assertTrue({1, 2, 3, 'n'})
38        self.assertTrue({'key': 'value'})
39
40
41# NOTES

the terminal shows AssertionError

AssertionError: True is not false

GREEN: make it pass

I change assertFalse to assertTrue

30        self.assertTrue(bool(-1))

the test passes

REFACTOR: make it better

  • on to the next one

    26    def test_what_is_true(self):
27        self.assertIsInstance(True, bool)
28        self.assertTrue(True)
29        self.assertTrue(-1)
30        self.assertTrue(bool(-1))
31        self.assertTrue(1)
32        self.assertFalse(bool(1))
33        self.assertTrue(-0.1)

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: True is not false

  • I change the assertion

    32        self.assertTrue(bool(1))

    the test passes. The result of bool(1) is True

  • I add another assertion

    26    def test_what_is_true(self):
27        self.assertIsInstance(True, bool)
28        self.assertTrue(True)
29        self.assertTrue(-1)
30        self.assertTrue(bool(-1))
31        self.assertTrue(1)
32        self.assertTrue(bool(1))
33        self.assertTrue(-0.1)
34        self.assertTrue(bool(-0.1))
35        self.assertFalse(0.1)

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: True is not false

  • I change assertFalse to assertTrue

    34        self.assertTrue(bool(-0.1))

    the test passes

  • I add an assertion

    33        self.assertTrue(-0.1)
34        self.assertTrue(bool(-0.1))
35        self.assertTrue(0.1)
36        self.assertFalse(bool(0.1))
37        self.assertTrue("text")
38        self.assertTrue((1, 2, 3, 'n'))
39        self.assertTrue([1, 2, 3, 'n'])
40        self.assertTrue({1, 2, 3, 'n'})
41        self.assertTrue({'key': 'value'})
42
43# NOTES

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: True is not false

  • I change the assertion

    36        self.assertTrue(bool(0.1))

    the test passes

  • I add another one

    33        self.assertTrue(-0.1)
34        self.assertTrue(bool(-0.1))
35        self.assertTrue(0.1)
36        self.assertTrue(bool(0.1))
37        self.assertTrue("text")
38        self.assertFalse(bool("text"))
39        self.assertTrue((1, 2, 3, 'n'))
40        self.assertTrue([1, 2, 3, 'n'])
41        self.assertTrue({1, 2, 3, 'n'})
42        self.assertTrue({'key': 'value'})

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: True is not false

  • I change assertFalse to assertTrue

    38        self.assertTrue(bool("text"))

    the tests passes

  • I add another assertion, when is this going to end?

    37        self.assertTrue("text")
38        self.assertTrue(bool("text"))
39        self.assertTrue((1, 2, 3, 'n'))
40        self.assertFalse(bool((1, 2, 3, 'n')))
41        self.assertTrue([1, 2, 3, 'n'])
42        self.assertTrue({1, 2, 3, 'n'})
43        self.assertTrue({'key': 'value'})

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: True is not false

  • I change assertFalse to assertTrue

    40        self.assertTrue(bool((1, 2, 3, 'n')))

    the test passes

  • another assertion

    37        self.assertTrue("text")
38        self.assertTrue(bool("text"))
39        self.assertTrue((1, 2, 3, 'n'))
40        self.assertTrue(bool((1, 2, 3, 'n')))
41        self.assertTrue([1, 2, 3, 'n'])
42        self.assertFalse(bool([1, 2, 3, 'n']))
43        self.assertTrue({1, 2, 3, 'n'})
44        self.assertTrue({'key': 'value'})

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: True is not false

  • I change the assertion

    42        self.assertTrue(bool([1, 2, 3, 'n']))

    the test passes

  • I add the next assertion

    41        self.assertTrue([1, 2, 3, 'n'])
42        self.assertTrue(bool([1, 2, 3, 'n']))
43        self.assertTrue({1, 2, 3, 'n'})
44        self.assertFalse(bool({1, 2, 3, 'n'}))
45        self.assertTrue({'key': 'value'})
46
47
48# NOTES

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: True is not false

  • I change assertFalse to assertTrue

    44        self.assertTrue(bool({1, 2, 3, 'n'}))

    the test passes

  • I add the last one. Finally!

    41        self.assertTrue([1, 2, 3, 'n'])
42        self.assertTrue(bool([1, 2, 3, 'n']))
43        self.assertTrue({1, 2, 3, 'n'})
44        self.assertTrue(bool({1, 2, 3, 'n'}))
45        self.assertTrue({'key': 'value'})
46        self.assertFalse(bool({'key': 'value'}))
47
48
49# NOTES

    the terminal shows AssertionError

    AssertionError: True is not false

  • I change assertFalse to assertTrue

    26    def test_what_is_true(self):
27        self.assertIsInstance(True, bool)
28        self.assertTrue(True)
29        self.assertTrue(-1)
30        self.assertTrue(bool(-1))
31        self.assertTrue(1)
32        self.assertTrue(bool(1))
33        self.assertTrue(-0.1)
34        self.assertTrue(bool(-0.1))
35        self.assertTrue(0.1)
36        self.assertTrue(bool(0.1))
37        self.assertTrue("text")
38        self.assertTrue(bool("text"))
39        self.assertTrue((1, 2, 3, 'n'))
40        self.assertTrue(bool((1, 2, 3, 'n')))
41        self.assertTrue([1, 2, 3, 'n'])
42        self.assertTrue(bool([1, 2, 3, 'n']))
43        self.assertTrue({1, 2, 3, 'n'})
44        self.assertTrue(bool({1, 2, 3, 'n'}))
45        self.assertTrue({'key': 'value'})
46        self.assertTrue(bool({'key': 'value'}))
47
48
49# NOTES

    the test passes

close the project

  • I close test_booleans.py in the editor

  • I click in the terminal, then use q on the keyboard to leave the tests. The terminal goes back to the command line

  • I change directory to the parent of booleans

    cd ..

    the terminal shows

    .../pumping_python

    I am back in the pumping_python directory

review

  • bool(anything) returns True or False

  • assertFalse(anything) checks if the result of bool(anything) is False, it raises AssertionError if it is not

  • assertTrue(anything) checks if the result of bool(anything) is True, it raises AssertionError if it is not

code from the chapter

Do you want to see all the CODE I typed for the Truth Table?

what is next?

Would you like to continue testing binary operations?

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